Hindustan Unilever - Largest Consumer Goods Seller

Hi!!!! friends. Have you all listened to Orange songs? They are cool and melodious. How are you all enjoying days? I asked this question because your externals are very closer to you. How are you preparing for 2nd mid?
 All The Best for preparing.
As normally i'm back with some details. But this time i got about Hindustan Unilever.

Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) is India's largest fast moving consumer goods company. The Anglo-Dutch company Unilever owns a 52% majority stake.

Hindustan Unilever's distribution covers over 1 million retail outlets across India directly and its products are available in over 6.3 million outlets in the country, nearly 80% of all retail outlets in India. It estimates that two out of three Indians use its many home and personal care products, food and beverages. Its really one great factor to know.
So if we go into details, here they are.............


HUL was formed in 1933 as Lever Brothers India Limited and came into being in 1956 as Hindustan Lever Limited through a merger of Lever Brothers, Hindustan Vanaspati Mfg. Co. Ltd. and United Traders Ltd. It is headquartered in Mumbai, India and has an employee strength of over 15,000 employees and contributes to indirect employment of over 52,000 people. The company was renamed in June 2007 as “Hindustan Unilever Limited”.

BRANDS:

HUL is the market leader in Indian consumer products with presence in over 20 consumer categories such as soaps, tea, detergents and shampoos amongst others with over 700 million Indian consumers using its products. Sixteen of HUL’s brands featured in the ACNielsen Brand Equity list of 100 Most Trusted Brands Annual Survey (2008). According to Brand Equity, HUL has the largest number of brands in the Most Trusted Brands List. It has consistently had the largest number of brands in the Top 50, and in the Top 10 (with 4 brands).

The company has a distribution channel of 6.3 million outlets and owns 35 major Indian brands. Its brands include Kwality Wall's ice cream, Knorr soups & meal makers, Lifebuoy, Lux, Pears, Breeze, Liril, Rexona, Hamam and Moti soaps, Pureit water purifier, Lipton tea, Brooke Bond (3 Roses, Taj Mahal, Taaza, Red Label) tea, Bru coffee, Pepsodent and Close Up toothpaste and brushes, and Surf, Rin and Wheel laundry detergents, Kissan squashes and jams, Annapurna salt and atta, Pond's talcs and creams, Vaseline lotions, Fair and Lovely creams, Lakmé beauty products, Clear, Clinic Plus, Clinic All Clear, Sunsilk and Dove shampoos, Vim dishwash, Ala bleach, Domex disinfectant, Modern Bread, Axe deosprays and Comfort fabric softeners.
These are some brands of HUL.

Food Brands:



Brooke Bond 3 Roses

Playful banter, a little mischief, serious conversation… there’s no time for young couples like the time spent sharing a cup of 3 Roses.


Annapurna

Partnering with the mom in nurturing her dreams, Annapurna Atta is aimed at helping her provide wholesome tasty nutrition to her family.


Red Label

Brooke Bond Red Label… 'Chuskiyaan Zindagi ki'


Brooke Bond Taaza

Brooke Bond Taaza lifts me and unshackles my mind, allowing me to see and realize possibilities.


Taj Mahal

Brooke Bond Taj Mahal is an exclusive selection of teas for the discerning consumer.


Bru

Bru se hoti hain khushiyaan shuru…


Kissan

With Kissan, good food is loved not shoved!


Knorr

Knorr helps families make meal times special, nutritious, tasty and healthy.


Kwality Wall’s

A good honest scoop of daily pleasure.


Lipton

Lipton has a range of vitality teas that truly encompass the goodness of tea.


Modern

Modern – A Wholesome & Nourishing, Hygienically produced & Reliably Safe Bread



Home Care Brands:
for millions of consumers across India.


Active Wheel

Active Wheel de "Mehnat se Aazadi" Freedom from painful & tiring laundry


Cif

Cif- the best cleaner to let you shine.


Comfort

The world’s largest fabric conditioner brand.


Domex

The sheer power of Domex bleach gives you the confidence you need, eradicating all known germs.


Rin

Rin provides ‘best in class whiteness’ which is demonstrable.


Sunlight

Sunlight is a color care brand


Surf Excel

Giving your kids the freedom to get dirty and experience life, safe in the knowledge that Surf Excel will remove those stains


Vim

Created in 1885, the Vim brand is still innovating and using the magic of natural ingredients to create unbeatable results over a hundred years later.



Personal Care Brands:



Aviance

Aviance enables women actualize their unique potential through expert customized beauty solutions.


Axe

Axe with Best Quality Fragrance


LEVER Ayush Therapy

LEVER Ayush aims to help a new generation of Indians rediscover everyday health and vitality through customized Ayurvedic solutions.


Breeze

Breeze, with the goodness of glycerine gives soft, fragrant and smooth skin.


Clear

New Clear with Essential Oils, guarantees Zero dandruff and leaves your hair feeling fabulous.


Clinic Plus

Clinic Plus - makes hair inside strong, outside long!


Closeup

Freshness that brings you Closer


Dove

Dove stands for real beauty. All around the world, Dove is making real women feel more beautiful!


Fair & Lovely

More than 30 years ago, a unique brand was born. Wrapped within a humble lavender tube, it went on to become the World’s No.1 Fairness cream.


Hamam

Holistic skin care experiences perfected over the ages to deliver healthy, beautiful skin


Lakme

Lakme is an ally to the Indian Woman and inspires her to express her unique beauty and sensuality. Thus, enabling her to realize the potency of her beauty.


Lifebuoy

Lifebuoy is available in multiple variants in soaps and specialist formats such as liquid handwash, catering to the entire family.


Liril 2000

Presenting nature's best kept secret-Tea tree oil, known for protection from germs. Liril 2000 now with Tea tree oil, gives you touchably clean skin. Now, you can come close and stay closer


Lux

Lux – For soft and smooth skin!


Pears

Pears – the purest and most gentle way to skincare!


Pepsodent

Pepsodent India is committed to improve the overall Oral health of Indians.


Pond’s

Get the expert to look after your skin


Rexona

Rexona gives you 24 hr protection from sweat and body odour and therefore the confidence to handle whatever the day has in store.


Sunsilk

Sunsilk has had a re-style!


Vaseline


Water Purifier Brand:





Some other brands are Liril, Breeze, Moti , Pears, Rexona, Rin ,Wheel , Ala bleech, Kissan(Jam,Ketchup,Squashes), Kwality Wall's, Close-up.

So friends above mentioned are some important brands of HUL.



Other awards:
HUL is one of the country's largest exporters; it has been recognised as a Golden Super Star Trading House by the Government of India.In 2007, Hindustan Unilever was rated as the most respected company in India for the past 25 years by Businessworld, one of India’s leading business magazines.The rating was based on a compilation of the magazine's annual survey of India’s most reputed companies over the past 25 years.HUL was one of the eight Indian companies to be featured on the Forbes list of World’s Most Reputed companies in 2007.


Research facilities:
The Hindustan Unilever Research Centre (HURC) was set up in 1967 in Mumbai, and Unilever Research India in Bangalore in 1997. Staff at these centres developed many innovations in products and manufacturing processes. In 2006, the company's research facilities were brought together at a single site in Bangalore.
Hindustan Unilever's "Fair and Lovely" is the leading skin-lightening cream for women in India. The company was forced to withdraw television advertisements for the product in 2007. Advertisements depicted depressed, dark-complexioned women, who had been ignored by employers and men, suddenly finding new boyfriends and glamorous careers after the cream had lightened their skin. In 2008 Hindustan Unilever made former Miss World Priyanka Chopra a brand ambassador for Pond's,and she then appeared in a mini-series of television commercials for another skin lightening product, White Beauty, alongside Saif Ali Khan and Neha Dhupia; these advertisements were widely criticised for perpetuating racism.

By keeping all controversies aside, HUL serving with a great speed in India.

Type Public company BSE: 500696 Industry Fast Moving Consumer Goods FMCG) Founded 1933 Headquarters Mumbai, India Key people Harish Manwani (Chairman), Nitin Paranjpe (CEO and Managing Director) Products Home & Personal Care, Food & Beverages Revenue 20,869.57 crore (US$ 4.74 billion) (2008-2009) [1] Employees Over 65,000 direct & indirect employees Parent Unilever Plc (52%) Website www.hul.co.in

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So friends i hope you will like my work. Thanks for visiting my blog regularly. Comment on my post friends. If you encourage me then i post even more cool posts.

Top 50 Most Trusted Brands in India

Hi!! friends i crossed the promise. I told you all that i'll post every day but externals are started from yesterday. So there was a small gap. But thanks for visiting me continuously guys. How are you all? How are you enjoying college? Actually for small change i have posted about graphene. I hope you will like it. Now i'm here with the list of Top Trusted Brands in India. So here we go...................

We all know that Nokia is leading mobile brand in India. Not only in mobile sector but also stands as 1st most trusted brand in India for 3rd time consecutively. Although, Nokia has been loosing its Mobile handset market share in troves, it has not stopped it from becoming the most trusted brand in India, 3rd year in succession according to Brand Equity survey. Nokia first debuted at 71 in 2004, moved to 44th in 2006, 4th in 2007 and then shot up to number one and has been there since. 

The Brand Equity rankings are ruled by FMCG(Fast Moving Consumer Goods) products with Hindustan Lever accounting for as many as 6 out of Top 10 most trusted Indian Brands.

Colgate, one of the oldest FMCG(Fast Moving Consumer Goods) brands in India (since 1937) comes in at 2nd position behind Nokia. Colgate is also a brand that features consistently in top 10 and has maximum number one positions since the Brand Equity rankings started.

Top 50 Most Trusted Brands in India

2010 Ranking	Brands	2009 Ranking
1.	Nokia Mobile Phones	1.
2.	Colgate	2.
3.	Lux	3.
4.	Dettol	5.
5.	Britannia	9.
6.	Lifebouy	4.
7.	Clinic Plus	15.
8.	Pond’s	16.
9.	Fair & Lovely	18.
10.	Pepsodent	8.
11.	Close Up	11.
12.	Goodknight	21.
13.	Rin	43.
14.	Tata Salt	7.
15.	Pepsi	26
16.	Maaza	46
17.	Vodafone	30
18.	Maggi	35
19	Glucon – D	14
20.	Thumps Up	39
21.	Bournvita	34
22.	Horlicks	6
23.	Coca – Cola	32
24	Vicks	25
25	LG	20
26.	Surf	41
27.	Godrej	44
28.	All Out	56
29.	Wheel	75
30.	Vaseline	79
31.	Kurkure	New Entry in 2010
32.	Hero Honda	33
33.	Sunsilk	52
34.	Tata Tea	24
35.	Amul	47
36.	Frooti	29
37.	Limca	58
38.	BSNL	19
39.	Bata	36
40.	Head & Shoulders	50
41.	Fevicol	54
42.	Parle	22
43.	Samsung	48
44.	Johnson & Johnson	49
45.	Com plan	51
46.	Boroplus	77
47.	Philips	42
48.	Tide	72
49.	State Bank of India	13
50.	Iodex	55

If you observe clearly Tata Salt, Horlicks, State Bank of India lost their brand value. In my last post I have stated that Nokia lost its place as per latest survey.

So friends I hope you will like this post. Any comments then post them. Thanks for visiting my blog.

So it is time to say bye guys.

Keep smiling. Take care guys.

 

Graphene - An Extrordinary Carbon Form

Hi!!!!! Friends. How are you all? Hope well.

Friends actually in the last  post for a change i have posted top songs. But this time i'm back with a powerful concept that is a carbon form and has awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for 2010 to Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov, both of the University of Manchester, "for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene." It is the hardest compound now. It is Graphene

So what is Graphene and what is its importance?

For above question read the following article. Here we go..........................

What is graphene?

Graphene is a member of the class of 2-dimensional materials discovered by Professor Andre Geim's research group at the University of Manchester It consists of a hexagonal array of sp2-bonded carbon atoms, just like those found in bulk graphite. 2D materials display very interesting properties, and are fundamentally different from the 3D materials we encounter everyday. The discovery of 2D materials means that scientists now have access to materials of all dimensionalities, including 0D (quantum dots, atoms) and 1D (nanowires, carbon nanotubes).

 Why haven't we discovered these materials until now?

Largely because we haven't looked. There are theories which show that graphene should not be able to exist without being destroyed by thermal fluctuations. These fluctuations should cause the crystal to melt. Workers who tried to create atomically thin films of other materials in the past found that the films were unstable and tended to separate and 'clump up' rather than form perfect layers.

In fact, anyone who has ever written with a pencil has probably created graphene flakes. The graphite in a pencil lead separates into sheets when rubbed across paper, and the chances are that one of these sheets was only a single layer thick.

Consider the humble pencil. It may come as a surprise to learn that the now common writing instrument at one time topped the list of must-have, high-tech gadgets. In fact, the simple pencil was once even banned from export as a strategic military asset. But what is probably more unexpected is the news that every time someone scribes a line with a pencil, the resulting mark includes bits of the hottest new material in physics and nanotechnology: graphene.

Molecular Chicken Wire

Graphite, the fullerenes and graphene share the same basic structural arrangement of their constituent atoms. Each structure begins with six carbon atoms, tightly bound together chemically in the shape of a regular hexagon—what chemists call a benzene ring.At the next level of organization is graphene itself, a large assembly of benzene rings linked in a sheet of hexagons that resembles chicken wire.

Exceptional Exception

Two features of graphene make it an exceptional material. First, despite the relatively crude ways it is still being made, graphene exhibits remarkably high quality—resulting from a combination of the purity of its carbon content and the orderliness of the lattice into which its carbon atoms are arranged. Investigators have so far failed to find a single atomic defect in graphene—say, a vacancy at some atomic position in the lattice or an atom out of place. That perfect crystalline order seems to stem from the strong yet highly flexible interatomic bonds, which create a substance harder than diamond yet allow the planes to bend when mechanical force is applied. The flexibility enables the structure to accommodate a good deal of deformation before its atoms must reshuffle to adjust to the strain.

The quality of its crystal lattice is also responsible for the remarkably high electrical conductivity of graphene. Its electrons can travel without being scattered off course by lattice imperfections and foreign atoms. Even the jostling from the surrounding carbon atoms, which electrons in graphene must endure at room temperature, is relatively small because of the high strength of the interatomic bonds.

The second exceptional feature of graphene is that its conduction electrons, besides traveling largely unimpeded through the lattice, move much faster and as if they had far less mass than do the electrons that wander about through ordinary metals and semiconductors. Indeed, the electrons in graphene—perhaps “electric charge carriers” is a more appropriate term—are curious creatures that live in the weird world where rules analogous to those of relativistic quantum mechanics play an important role. That kind of interaction inside a solid, so far as anyone knows, is unique to graphene. Thanks to this novel material from a pencil, relativistic quantum mechanics is no longer confined to cosmology or high-energy physics; it has now entered the laboratory.

Structure

A carbon atom has four valence electrons; in graphene (and in graphite, a stack of graphene layers), three electrons bond in a plane with their neighbors to form a strong hexagonal pattern, like chicken-wire. The fourth electron sticks up out of the plane and is free to hop from one atom to the next. The latter pi-bond electrons act as if they have no mass at all, like photons. They can move at almost one percent of the speed of light.

Graphene under strain creates gigantic pseudo-magnetic fields 

Graphene, the extraordinary form of carbon that consists of a single layer of carbon atoms, has produced another in a long list of experimental surprises. In the current issue of the journal Science, a multi-institutional team of researchers headed by Michael Crommie,  reports the creation of pseudo-magnetic fields far stronger than the strongest magnetic fields ever sustained in a laboratory – just by putting the right kind of strain onto a patch of graphene.

"We have shown experimentally that when graphene is stretched to form nanobubbles on a platinum substrate, electrons behave as if they were subject to magnetic fields in excess of 300 tesla, even though no magnetic field has actually been applied," says Crommie. "This is a completely new physical effect that has no counterpart in any other condensed matter system."

Crommie notes that "for over 100 years people have been sticking materials into magnetic fields to see how the electrons behave, but it's impossible to sustain tremendously strong magnetic fields in a laboratory setting." The current record is 85 tesla for a field that lasts only thousandths of a second. When stronger fields are created, the magnets blow themselves apart.

What kind of uses does graphene have?

Graphene can be used for many different purposes including:

Transistors

Graphene can be used to make excellent transistors. It is so thin we can easily control whether or not it conducts by applying an electric field. We would like to be able to do this with metals, but we cannot make metal films thin enough to affect their conducting state in this way. Electrons in graphene also travel ballistically over sub-micron distances. As a result, graphene-based transistors can run at higher frequencies and more efficiently that the silicon transistors we use now. At the present moment we have no way to produce entire integrated circuits from these transistors since we are limited by the size of graphenes we can produce.

Gas Sensors

Gas molecules that land on graphene affect its electronic properties in a measurable way - in fact, we have measured the effect of a single molecule associating with a graphene. This means that we can create gas sensors which are sensitive to a single atom or molecule!

Support Membranes for Transmission Electron Microscopy

Graphene is effectively the thinnest material that we can make out of atoms. Suprisingly it is also very strong, thanks to a lack of crystal boundaries to break along and very strong bonds between carbon atoms (Carbon nanotubes are made from rolled up graphene, and it has been suggested that cabling made from nanotubes would be strong enough to create an elevator into space!). As a result we can use it to hold micro- and nanoscopic objects we wish to look at in an electron microscope (e.g. DNA, nanoparticles) in a similar way we use glass slides in an optical microscope. Graphene is the perfect material for this job as it is made only of carbon, it is very thin so will not interfere with the pictures taken as much as other materials, and has a very simple crystal structure so can easily be eliminated from diffraction patterns.

Inert Coatings

Graphene is resistant to attack by many powerful acids and alkalis such as hydrofluoric acid and ammonia, so one day could be used to give objects an atomically thin protective coating which would provide protection against these agents.

Single molecule gas detection
Graphene makes an excellent sensor due to its 2D structure. The fact that its entire volume is exposed to its surrounding makes it very efficient to detect adsorbed molecules. Molecule detection is indirect: as a gas molecule adsorbs to the surface of graphene, the location of absorption experiences a local change in electrical resistance. While this effect occurs in other materials, graphene is superior due to its high electrical conductivity (even when few carriers are present) and low noise which makes this change in resistance detectable.

Integrated circuits
Graphene has the ideal properties to be an excellent component of integrated circuits. Graphene has a high carrier mobility, as well as low noise, allowing it to be used as the channel in a FET. The issue is that single sheets of graphene are hard to produce, and even harder to make on top of an appropriate substrate. Researchers are looking into methods of transferring single graphene sheets from their source of origin (mechanical exfoliation on SiO2 / Si or thermal graphitization of a SiC surface) onto a target substrate of interest. In 2008, the smallest transistor so far, one atom thick, 10 atoms wide was made of graphene.

Transparent conducting electrodes
Graphene's high electrical conductivity and high optical transparency make it a candidate for transparent conducting electrodes, required for such applications as touchscreens, liquid crystal displays, organic photovoltaic cells, and organic light-emitting diodes. In particular, graphene's mechanical strength and flexibility are advantageous compared to indium tin oxide, which is brittle, and graphene films may be deposited from solution over large areas.

Although it will likely be many years before we see any of these applications fully realised, the discovery of graphene has provided an unparalleled opportunity for scientists to investigate these possibilities.

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So friends this what i want to post. I hope you will like it. This was there in mind from few days.

It is not to surprise if world bans usage of pencil. We can watch TV in a paper thin like structure. Major drawback is that its availability. There is too scarcity for Graphene. Let us all hope that there will have more technological methods in availability of graphene.

okay friends this is time to leave. So bye to all. Thanks for visiting my blog. Hope you all will like this.

Keep smiling. Take care all. Bye.......................

Top 100 most valuable Brands in the World

Hi friends!!
Friends if you observe my last posts, i have posted lists of companies. But now this time i'm here to post the list of Top Valuable  Brands in The World.

First, it is important to know what is Brand.

A brand is the logo or trade mark or name of the product with which the company is famous in the public.

A product is a finished good. Here inputs, raw materials etc involves.

So i hope you got a picture about a brand. So i think it is better to post the list of brands.

So friends if we observe clearly only one brand from India is there in Top 100. It is ICICI.

 

So friends here is the list. Oh god for getting this list i did a great work because nowhere it is available. What ever it may be at last i got it. Thanks for visiting my blog friends.

Keep visiting guys. Meet you all later in the same adda. 

Take care . Keep SmiLinG.......................guys.

Top Software Companies in the World

Hi!!! friends. I think you all are started going to college. Hey have you listened to Jhoota Hi Sahi songs. If not listen once. Its my favorite Rahman Sir directed(music) movie.
Now i'm back with another topic. It is 'The List of Top Software Companies in The World'.
Over the past few years, the world has been experiencing a new industry - software industry and ever since it started the growth is phenomenal. The software industry has become one of the most important industries in the world with the software companies holding a huge portion of the world stock exchange.

The software companies generally provide software solutions to their clients. Software may be either proprietary or open sources software. The software companies develop software and sell it for commercial purposes. Most of the times, the commercial software are proprietary software but open source or free software are also used for commercial purposes.
The countries that are sharing the major part of software development in the world are:

1.  USA
2. Japan
3. Germany
4. India
5. France
6. UK

Some of the major software companies of the world are:

1. Microsoft
2. Oracle Corporation (USA)
3. First Data (USA)
4. SAP (Germany)
5. Accenture (Bermuda)
6. Google (USA)
7. Yahoo (USA)
8. IBM (USA)
9. Soft Bank (Japan)
10. Symantec Corporation (USA)
11. CA (USA)
12. Infosys (India)
13. Adobe Systems (USA)
14. Capgemini (France)
15. ASML Holding (Netherlands)
16. Advantest (Japan)
17. Intuit (USA)
18. TCS (India)
19. Wipro (India)
20. Autodesk (USA)
21. Check Point Software (Israel)
22. The Sage Group (UK)
23. Dassault Systemes (France)
24. CSK (Japan)

Among these, Top Companies are listed as below.
Previously i have posted about top companies in India, but this time i'm here with the same topic in the case of global. So here we go...............

I didn't get accurate list because i got list from Forbes2000 and Software Magazine. So now i'm posting both of them.



List of the largest global software companies(Forbes2000):

This yearly list offers 2000 large companies active in all kinds of industries. By selecting software & services a sublist can be made, which is 35 companies long in the 2010 edition. Forbes offers figures such as sales, profits, assets and market capitalization. Only public companies are listed. The ranking seems to be based upon a multiplication of sales*profits*assets*market capitalization. A Top 10 extract of the world's largest software companies according to the Forbes Global 2000 is provided below.

1. IBM
2. Microsoft
3. Google
4. Oracle Corporation
5. SAP AG
6. Accenture
7. Computer Sciences Corporation
8. Yahoo!
9. Tata Consultancy Services
10. CA

Forbes includes services revenues given its listing of IBM, Accenture, Computer Sciences and Cap Gemini. Forbes also appears to include advertising revenues given the listing of Google and Yahoo in their Top 10. Large private software companies are not on the Forbes list. Market capitalization influences the ranking: Forbes has used the market cap of Mar 01 2010 to build their list.



List of the largest global software companies (Software Magazine)
A yearly list that is available after free subscription. The list offers 500 companies. Services revenues are included in the software revenues. Software Magazine sends out a yearly request for data: companies fill in their own data online. As Software Magazine is primarily read in the US, the list also has a slight focus on the US, although it is becoming more international every year. The companies are ranked according to software & services sales revenues. Both public and private companies are included.
Software Magazine's Top 10 ranking of 2009 is as follows (see their website for more info): ^[2]

1. Microsoft
2. IBM
3. Electronic Data Systems (now an HP company)
4. Accenture
5. Oracle Corporation
6. HP
7. Google
8. SAP
9. Computer Sciences Corporation
10. Capgemini
11. Lockheed Martin Corporation

Due to the inclusion of services revenues, many IT services companies appear on the list: Accenture, CSC and Cap Gemini. Software Magazine usually publishes a new edition in September.

 So friends i gave the names of companies, but i haven't given the details. So for the details just click on the name of the company.



So friends  hope you like my post. Comment on my post if anything wrong. Thanq for visiting my blog. Keep on visiting my blog like this. Bye guys. Have a nice days in-front.